Boiler



Jan. 19, 1954 L. A SCHULTZ BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 31 1950 INVENTOR. 4 son/Aka A. SC'HUL T2 6 r a 3. u n l 7 r Jan. 19, 1954 1.. A. SCHULTZ 6, 9

' BOILER Filed March 31. 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 (IIIIIIIIIIII'I A INVENTOR. zg LHNAADA 5mm 7' be mbi ed,=,w .th lifirst n tab ve ib9fi unit, and; thus pmnde, a; ui kandl e assembly --ing boiler.vj e v V'Astill furthenobjec of this invention istO-p m @130. the wateniboilelizi-to obtainthe maximum heat "absorption; fromthe --,h .t: gases passing there- 1' through;

- ai-heating boiler comprised of three-iunits a water 'boiler,a firezhoxand a: secondary-heat absorbing Patented Jan. 19, 1954 This invention relatesto-boile ls; NH, ticular y to boiler heaters usedeii l: ifa'i l iifii' 1 tems. The present invention fur henrelate t ani improvedihoiler constructionathat 's? c fularlycadapt d for use wi h 3 O IQUKQQ ER- :in which thje boilerisconnected to a; steaimh z-water vorlvapor: therrn st t p h atin ystems-t .i

It? is'fane obje t-l I inynwhicma ee'wndam heateabser 1' proper arrangement and-proportion is; connected butiextends, into the down draft U it! 5T1: n.- a r -A further-o eet vo f t g I ntiqn is to pi? an improved-heating boiler of such construction that --.the rwateraoqntalnjhg boiler is Welded pinto a single unit, stm'wiu-reandthe fireb x d aw draft compartmentr az e welded into a separate unit butbothunit, he designed so that th yml of small light weight units ing-buildingjup a; heat- 1 i'vheating lggiler in which 7 .1 omplete sis, positioned within the combustiOn aisjzf flith v i boiler. to provide thea eat s h a abs rp rfaces and direetthe hot gases into a downdraft A sun Ethel-1 0 1186 Q as n se vide a neboiierpi su h; esignated mumqheahabsorpt mi obtained in the; primary combustion zone,-:;which is .within the water- 4 bFF CE Fneoima,asiiuuz, ng i ganvine, J." r

smash, 19st; steam; 153,017

- .122i+-1s5)".i'l'

eel -plate boiler of small size and of such .a es g'n that a maxiinu'm heat absorption is obtained from the heat input and in which there is 'mir imum st'ajnel-tcgyv loss'of heat'due to the small wat e r capacity of the boiler. A further object of this invention is to provide a heating boiler comprised of three separate units, the water 'lgoilenlthe The box and :a'ssecondary qh at absorbi'ng coil infwhich the primary combustion zone retained low enough to insure complete combustionvand in which the smooth flow of theiifor'nbustiongases is directed through econdarfikheat'absorbing 0011 without causing pnlsa 'ons or high draft 1osses: v A, furthe objecfo'f this invention is 'to'provide a -heating boiler of high heat absorption efficiency at a.nominal operationafcost throughthe ex- ;glus ion n th desig'n' fdf theboiler of'low efficien y valuew'atef areas and a eneralarrangement p i thefhatingjlboiler to permit easy asmbl disasseinbly jaiid'repair. urthe ob 'tsgofthis invention may be ape accompany g-detailed an he-drawmgsinwhich M f ig, 1 inustrates afcros's section view" taken th looiler'coirered by' thisjinvenfion; I "i iewipairtiallyin sgtion'taken on e; ZOfPigIQ' I Q 1 111, w taken n. lin

' the Ma i ima e -l i i'at combustionrgasesrzaremir t i i a: t e n'd i down draft ;chambe1;-; erein-.. v p arr ie absorbing'coil i'sproperly-arranged and connected :i A further obi of invention is m piotikie coil,- th'e units ibeinggssexnbled ma -predetermined relationship to. provldeza'primaryheat; absorbing surface within the -water-backed area at said boilerand asecondary-wheat;absorbing surface below saidyboiler within the -area of; the :second unit to' -obtami-ai-maximum. heat labsolzbing ef- I ficiency whileatl-theesame time permit ing on 11; by, thieisame layer, "ofjins i ti 'aybe separatecl fron the formed a second boxlike structure A of smaller 7 size comprised of atop 26, a pair of; side walls 21 andw28,-a back wall 29 and the .front allis the same wall 2| of the outer boxlike structure. This boxlike structure A becomes the primary combustion zone of the boiler when assembled. The top wall 26 is positioned in an angular position with relation to the front wall 21-.asdih1g strated in Fig. 1. Referring to Fig. 2 the side walls 21 and 28 of the inner boxlikestructure'areijoined1 .Fig. 1 and; positioned in van angular position approximately ,parallelwith' the top crown sheet2 6. .It is. to, be noted, thatv the rear water-backed wall IZSof the primary combustionchamber (Fig.1) ,is .positione d or spaced beyond'the end of the fire box LG .sothat' there is; a" throat area "35 -for the escape of combustion gases from the primary combustion zone A in a downward direction-into the ';secondary, chamber 18 and these gaseswill be drawn through and out the smoke outlet 20. he secondary heat absorption coil I4 is mounted in thechamber IS. The coil is comprised of an inlet136, sacoil of. p ipe' 3'l and an outlet-38. The inlet pipe" 36 passes through an "aperture 39 in the .base and is connectedto an'aperturelfl .in; the. lower area of the water boiler so that the cooler water in the boiler will pass through the connecting pipe. 36 into the lowerportion ofthe coil Blandthe outlet pipe 3 8' will pass from the upper, pfortion of the base through an aperture 41 and will extend to an apertureflin' the side 24 to discharge the heated water' from coil'3l into the greatest heat absorption 'areaof the boiler -to;assist the. circulation of the'water being heated. It is furt her to be noted that the area fofthe water boiler adjacent to wall 22 1s 'of/sufficient thand depthjto permit the installation of a thermostatic hot water co'il' lfasfillustrated iri'gLi, gthB,COl1 lfbeing provided'withan inlet pipelj .at its lower endand an outlet-pipeIB-at Tits upper endyandthecoill fl may be supported'or 3 retained.byv a pair. of braces 41 and that are .afiixed to. the wall 22, Or, in another type of 1 installation, the coil, may 'simplybe'hu'ng from the upper plate"2 "in any of the standard -manners ofsupportingsuch coilsA plate 50 isaflixe'd to their'ont end of the water boil'erflto enclose [the combustion chamber. 'Platei50'is clamped or bolted in a tightfitting relation'with the boiler. It .is' apparent with the boiler construction as described that the primary boiler proper wherein the steam is'liberated from the watercomprise a unit where the'necessary gaugesand controls are located. unit and its, components is set above the'drvbase lj2 This boiler unit II is built as smallasispractical in ,relation -tofllthe necessary combustion chamber and the proposed. heatrelease. It is 'ofiwelde d steel construction and is so designed that a flat inclined crown sheet is located'directly over the -combus tion chamber. This. crown .sheetbeing at =Ihe;t9pl of the combustion chamber is the primary heating surf ace" andpoint to absorb the radiant and convected heat .;from the :flame. Thus-with this formation of: an .inverted-boxlike structure twhi lliappears to have no gas outlet from either the sides or crown sheet areas, the hot gases, that is, the combustion gases appearto be pocketed ,within this combustion chamberanddueto the hot combustion flow from the fire box there is but one outlet, the throat ;35. Thus the hot gases are forced over the complete area of the combustion chamber and out :through the throat 35. Thus the flow of the .gases will be reversed and the hot gases will proceed downward to the smoke outlet 20 located just above-lthezfloor line in the dry base l2. This method of heat flow creates a slight pressure over the combustion chamber which prevents to a marked degree the free-escape of oxygen entering the chamberand is conducive to increasing 1 the combustion efiiciency: of "the ordinary gun-:type oil burner and 'esp'e'c-ially the ty-pe that does rnot employ a special mixing head. This automatic entrapment "of gas travel reduces the natural draft created by the liberation oflighter. than air gasesand as a consequence the hot. gases are in contact with the absorbing surface of the. boiler and the secondary heat absorber "for a ilonger period than is normally to be expected-with other designs -before-the gases 1 escape from the boiler. Intact the-firebox area is designed so that there is no expansion of the combustion gases an'd as a consequence"the' pressure developed by thehot gases is used to purge the combustion and" flue areas without the assistance of any draft.

The third- -ele-m'entor secondary heat absorbingcoil t4 is-of -a simple arid oompact design to permit the maximum amount of water 1 tube heating surface Within' the secondary chamber i8. -Thisflsecondary heat exchangeri v-l :is 1101358. part of the boiler 'but is properly= connected to the boiler to permita natural flow. oi fluid from the cooler'portion ofthe boiler to the hottest point of the'water boiler'andthe. coil l liis located within the dry base adjacent toithecom- 'bustion' chamber but below i the 'bo'iler proper. The water from i the boilersettling in this coil naturally "picks up heat' fromthe hot gases and as the water -is*=heated it: circulates upward: .until it reaches the boiler sand mixes with .the boiler water. "it isto -be notedthat with the down draft flue, the path of the hot gas from the combustion chamber is incontact I first .with the-top of'the' coill l so that the :greate'st heat absorption is; provided -atthefpoint -where the water has been "heated to the greatest degree and in turn as the gases are cooled the -cooler :gases from the combustion chamber nwill :be in contact with '-*the-=-1ower po'rtion -of coil M .-be '"g'fOl' they pass through the "outlet smoke port 23. It is to be noted' that the coil m :has'zbeen installed so that it is connected: to :the I boiler proper by external pipes. The external pipes of course "are provided -withunions so that .':the secondarycoil -ma-ybe quickly and easilyremoved. =In'-ad'd-ition, it is :to' be note'd that .the -wal1 of --'the'-:base por'tion adj'acent-to :'.the .coil 1-3 1 is constructed= either 1 with' a remo vable. chan- ---ne1 or so that'--the-complete wail may be re- --}moved to thus-provide easy--access to the coil 1 3. -'It ;is also tobe noted' that-with 'the coil ld positioned -in ch-amber t8, this prevents the actual contactkof the fiame with theiwateri'tubes "and eliminatesiiame radiation :and. prevents: excessive heat transfer which may-:oause steamrgeneration within the tubes. :A further pointx to be noted :is that withfthe use of *a reverse-flow gas travel the dissipation of thefheat -released to the stack by the "combustion chamberfa'fter the burne shut .cfi is grefilmts'dmsd; that; 15,-, the hot g'as'e's'"fir'st come'in contact 'with' the combustion chamber and due to the retarded flow are retained within the combustion chamber longer to dissipate the heat into the boiler or permit the boiler to absorb the heat before the gases are released into the stack.

The rapidity of heat transfer in one assembly of the boiler of the design described and illustrated approximates 10,000 B. t. u. per square foot of heating surface, the normal heat transfer of most low pressure heating boilers is about 4000 B. t. u. thus this boiler operates efliciently at better than 200% of normal rating. Due to the design and construction of this boiler steam may be produced from 60% water in about twelve minutes which is approximately to /2 the time required by most boilers. With a maintained boiler temperature of 180 this boiler will produce steam in about four minutes which is approximately /5 to the time required by most boilers. A further phenomona found with the design and construction of this boiler is that after the burner has been in operation for a period of to 30 minutes, steam continues to flow from the boiler proper with the burner off, for an additional 15 to minutes, and upon closing the main steam valve there is created a pressure of 9 pounds per square inch within the boiler. A further point to be noted with this heating furnace is that due to its low draft intensity it is not necessary to provide a high stack for proper operation. Due to the design in preventing the expansion of combustion gases in the fire box area of the boiler, the pressure developed within the fire box by the hot gases purges the complete combustion and flue area of the boiler without the assistance of a draft.

Although I have described the heating boiler as designed for and utilized with an oil burner and its fire box of refractory material, it is readily apparent that this boiler might similarly be designed to be fired by coal or by gas and obtain the same high efficiency of operation.

Various changes and modifications may be made in the size and shape of the boiler and in the general arrangement of the secondary absorption coil without departing from the spirit of this invention and this invention shall be limited only by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A domestic boiler furnace of three units, a fire box and down draft flue compartment as a base and first unit, a combustion chamber enclosed on three sides and top by a single primary heat absorbing water jacket which forms a second superposed unit and a secondary heat absorbing coil connected to the water jacket and extending into a down draft flue zone of the fire box as the third unit, said fire box being provided with an opening for a burner, said down draft flue zone being provided with an opening adjacent to the bottom edge thereof for a smoke fiue, said combustion chamber being provided with a removable front wall, and extending beyond said fire box and over said down draft flue zone.

2. A domestic boiler furnace of three units, a fire box and down draft flue zone as a base and first unit, a one piece welded construction combustion chamber enclosed on three sides and top by a primary heat absorbing water jacket as a second superposed unit and a secondary heat absorbing coil connected to the water jacket and. extending into a down draft flue zone of the fire box as the third unit, said fire box being provided with an opening for a burner, said down draft flue zone being provided; with an opening adjacent to the bottom edge thereof for a smoke fiue, said combustion chamber formed with water jacketed side walls, rear wall and crown covering sheet, and a removable front wall, said crown sheet positioned in an angular relationship to the front wall and rear wall of said combustion chamber so that the rear vertical transverse area of the combustion chamber is of smaller dimen sion than the front vertical transverse area of said combustion chamber, said combustion chamber extending beyond said fire box and over said down draft flue zone.

'3, A domestic oil burner boiler comprised of three units, a fire box and down draft flue zone as .a base and first unit, a one piece welded con struction combustion chamber enclosed on three sides and top by a primary heat absorbing water jacket as a second superposed unit and a secondary heat absorbing coil connected to the water jacket and extending into a down draft flue zone of the fire box as the third unit, said fire box being provided with an opening for an oil burner; said down draft fiue zone being provided witlr an opening adjacent to the bottom edge thereof for an exhaust conduit, said combustion chamber within said second unit shaped to progressively decrease its vertical, transverse, cross-sectional area from the portion over said fire box to th portion over the down draft zone.

4. A domestic oil burner steam boiler comprised of three units, a fire box and down draft fiue zone as a base and first unit, a one piece welded construction combustion chamber enclosed on three sides and top by a primary heat absorbing water jacket to a steam boiler as a second superposed unit, and a secondary heat absorbing coil connected to the water jacket and extending into the down draft flue compartment of the fir box as the third unit, said fire box being provided with an opening for an oil burner, said down draft flue zone being provided with an opening adjacent to the bottom edge thereof for an exhaust conduit, said combustion chamber being formed with said water jacket to provide a primary heat absorbing zone, the crown sheet of which is positioned in an angular relationship to the front and rear wall of said combustion chamber to progressively decrease and restrict the spac through which the hot gases must pass into the down draft zone to confine and assist the combustion of said gases and prevent the expansion of said hot gases and to absorb a maximum degree of heat, said secondary heat absorbing coil connected to the water jacket so that the lowermost spaces of the water jacket are connected to the bottom of the secondary coil and the top of the secondary coil is in turn connected adjacent to the primary heat absorbing zone of the water jacket.

LEONARD A. SCHULTZ References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,271,634 Walling July 9, 1918 1,781,532 Summers Nov. 11, 1930 1,980,424 Morgan Nov. 13, 1934 1,981,895 Banta Nov. 27, 1934 ,995,185 Macchi Mar. 19, 1935 2,006,782 Zier et a1. July 2, 1935 2,013,828 Johnson Sept. 10, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 339,882 Germany Feb. 15, 1924 

